If you or a loved one ever need help with daily living activities, you will discover that custodial care can be expensive. That’s true whether the care is provided at home, in an assisted living facility, or in a nursing home, and it’s especially true if care is needed for many years.
Long-term care (LTC) insurance is available, but insurance companies have learned that these costs can be steep. Premium increases for LTC insurance are in the news (for example, some press reports tell of cases where premiums have tripled in the last three years), and some insurance companies have dropped out of this business. Consumers face the prospect of paying thousands of dollars a year, every year, and never getting any benefit at all if it turns out that custodial care is not needed.
Some people might prefer another path to LTC coverage, such as a hybrid or “combo” product. In a traditional life insurance policy a consumer buys a product that will deliver a death benefit, but with a combo product, the consumer can obtain a rider that will offer a payout if the covered individual needs LTC.
Let's assume that our new friend Bob has an insurance policy on his life, payable to his son James. Bob’s policy has an LTC rider. So, if Bob needs LTC, that insurance policy will provide a benefit to help pay those bills. Regardless if Bob needs care and collects an LTC benefit, his life insurance policy will pay a death benefit to James at the time of Bob’s death.
Generally, in this situation, Bob would receive an “accelerated death benefit” to pay for care. When someone receives such a payout, the amount of the lifetime benefit is subtracted from the death benefit that eventually will be paid to beneficiaries. Typically, a combo life insurance product would be some form of whole life or universal life, rather than term life insurance, although of late we offer a term policy that includes "living benefits".
The common aspect of this tactic is the absence of a “use it or lose it” drawback. With standalone LTC insurance, the money spent could wind up generating no return. With life insurance there will be a payout to someone at some point. The extra LTC coverage is another benefit that possibly will come in handy.
Acquiring LTC coverage in this manner usually avoids the threat of future premium increases. As another attraction, existing life insurance policies might be exchanged, tax-free, for a new contract that includes an LTC rider.
The attractions of LTC combo products, however, come with negatives as well. The underlying problem here includes the potentially disastrous costs of LTC, and this problem can’t be escaped by switching from one type of insurance to another. There often is a cost to adding an LTC rider to an insurance policy. These combo products may require a substantial outlay, which must be paid upfront or within relatively few years.In addition, tax advantages may be lost with combo products. With most standalone LTC insurance policies, certain amounts of your premium count as a medical expense, which can potentially be deducted. That’s not the case with a rider to a life insurance policy.
As of 2017, people age 40 and younger can include LTC premiums up to $410 as a medical expense; that amount scales up as premium payers age, maxing out at $5,110 for those 70 and older. Those outlays are added to other medical expenses, and the amount that exceeds 10% of adjusted gross income can be taken as an itemized deduction.
Combo products vary widely, and so do individuals’ concerns on this issue. However, generally, people who only want LTC insurance might be best-served with standalone coverage, working with an insurance professional to hold down premiums. That said, if you are interested in life insurance such as whole life or universal life, it may be worth exploring the idea of adding LTC coverage, perhaps for an added fee.
There are a few factors we take into account when discussing these options, notably the age of the insured at the time of the application and, of course, their budget. A younger person may find a combo policy more affordable than an older person.
If you have questions or concerns let us know. In the meantime, please stay healthy!
Chris Castanes is the president of Surf Financial Brokers, helping people find affordable life and disability insurance coverage. He's also is a professional speaker helping sales people be more productive and efficient and has spoken to professional and civic organizations throughout the Southeast. And please subscribe to this blog!
